General Information

Product

MC3 Receptor Antibody

Description

Affinity Purified Melanocortin 3 receptor Antibody Mid-Region

Verified Applications

ELISA, WB

Host

Rabbit

Species Cross Reactivity

Human, Mouse, Rat

Immunogen

Synthetic peptide corresponding to unique amino acid sequences on MC3r protein.

Accession #

GenBank: AAD41351.1 

Physical Properties

Quantity

100 µg

Volume

200 µl

Concentration

0.55 µg/µl in antibody stabilization buffer

Form

Affinity Purified

Clonality

Polyclonal

Determinant

Mid-Region

Storage

-20⁰C for long term storage

Application Protocol

DB

1:10,000

ELISA

1:10,000

Western Blot

1:500

Protein

Uniprot #

Q01726

Overview

Receptor for MSH (alpha, beta and gamma) and ACTH. The activity of this receptor is mediated by G proteins which activate adenylate cyclase.

Molecular Function

G-protein coupled receptor, Receptor, Transducer

Subcellular Location

Cell membrane, Membrane

Expression

Cerebellum;testis;Melanocytes and corticoadrenal tissue.

Alternative Nomenclature

BMIQ9 antibody

MC3 antibody

Melanocortin 3 receptor antibody

OB20 antibody

Obesity quantitative trait locus antibody

OQTL antibody

General Information

Product

MC3 Receptor Antibody

Description

Affinity Purified Melanocortin 3 receptor Antibody C-epitope

Verified Applications

ELISA, WB

Host

Rabbit

Species Cross Reactivity

Human, Mouse, Rat

Immunogen

Synthetic peptide corresponding to unique amino acid sequences on MC3r protein.

Accession #

GenBank: AAO72726.1

Physical Properties

Quantity

100 µg

Volume

200 µl

Concentration

0.55 µg/µl in antibody stabilization buffer

Form

Affinity Purified

Clonality

Polyclonal

Determinant

C-epitope

Storage

-20⁰C for long term storage

Application Protocol

DB

1:10,000

ELISA

1:10,000

Western Blot

1:500

Protein

Uniprot #

P41968

Overview

Receptor for MSH (alpha, beta and gamma) and ACTH. This receptor is mediated by G proteins which activate adenylate cyclase.

Molecular Function

G-protein coupled receptor, Receptor, Transducer

Subcellular Location

Cell membrane, Membrane

Expression

Brain, placental, and gut tissues.

Structure

Belongs to the G-protein coupled receptor 1 family.

Alternative Nomenclature

BMIQ9 antibody

MC3 antibody

Melanocortin 3 receptor antibody

OB20 antibody

Obesity quantitative trait locus antibody

OQTL antibody

General Information

Product

MC3 Receptor Antibody

Description

Affinity Purified Melanocortin 3 receptor Antibody N-epitope

Verified Applications

ELISA, IP, WB

Host

Rabbit

Species Cross Reactivity

Human, Mouse, Rat

Immunogen

Synthetic peptide corresponding to unique amino acid sequences on MC3r protein.

Accession #

GenBank: AAD41351.1

Physical Properties

Quantity

100 µg

Volume

200 µl

Concentration

0.55 µg/µl in antibody stabilization buffer

Form

Affinity Purified

Clonality

Polyclonal

Determinant

N-epitope

Storage

-20⁰C for long term storage

Application Protocol

DB

1:10,000

ELISA

1:10,000

Western Blot

1:500

Protein

Uniprot #

Q01726

Overview

Receptor for MSH (alpha, beta and gamma) and ACTH. The activity of this receptor is mediated by G proteins which activate adenylate cyclase.

Molecular Function

G-protein coupled receptor, Receptor, Transducer

Subcellular Location

Cell membrane, Membrane

Expression

Cerebellum; testis; Melanocytes and corticoadrenal tissue.

Alternative Nomenclature

BMIQ9 antibody

MC3 antibody

MC3 R antibody

Melanocortin 3 receptor antibody

OB20 antibody

Obesity quantitative trait locus antibody

OQTL antibody

General Information

Product

GSK3 beta Antibody

Description

Affinity Purified Glycogen Synthase Kinase-3 beta Antibody

Verified Applications

ELISA, IHC, IP, WB

Host

Chicken

Species Cross Reactivity

Human, Mouse, Rat

Immunogen

Synthetic peptide taken within amino acid region 1-50 on human GSK3 beta protein.

Physical Properties

Quantity

100 µg

Volume

200 µl

Concentration

0.6 µg/µl in antibody stabilization buffer

Immunoglobulin

IgY

Form

Affinity Purified

Clonality

Polyclonal

Storage

-20⁰C for long term storage

Application Protocol

DB

1:10,000

ELISA

1:10,000

Immunoprecipitation

1:200

Western Blot

1:500

Protein

Uniprot #

P49841

Overview

Constitutively active protein kinase that acts as a negative regulator in the hormonal control of glucose homeostasis, Wnt signaling and regulation of transcription factors and microtubules, by phosphorylating and inactivating glycogen synthase (GYS1 or GYS2), EIF2B, CTNNB1/beta-catenin, APC, AXIN1, DPYSL2/CRMP2, JUN, NFATC1/NFATC, MAPT/TAU and MACF1. Requires primed phosphorylation of the majority of its substrates. In skeletal muscle, contributes to insulin regulation of glycogen synthesis by phosphorylating and inhibiting GYS1 activity and hence glycogen synthesis. May also mediate the development of insulin resistance by regulating activation of transcription factors. Regulates protein synthesis by controlling the activity of initiation factor 2B (EIF2BE/EIF2B5) in the same manner as glycogen synthase. In Wnt signaling, GSK3B forms a multimeric complex with APC, AXIN1 and CTNNB1/beta-catenin and phosphorylates the N-terminus of CTNNB1 leading to its degradation mediated by ubiquitin/proteasomes. Phosphorylates JUN at sites proximal to its DNA-binding domain, thereby reducing its affinity for DNA.

Molecular Function

Developmental protein, Kinase, Serine/threonine-protein kinase, Signal tranduction inhibitor, Transferase

Subcellular Location

Cytoplasm; Nucleus; Cell membrane

Expression

Expressed in testis, thymus, prostate and ovary and weakly expressed in lung, brain and kidney. Colocalizes with EIF2AK2/PKR and TAU in the Alzheimer disease (AD) brain.

Structure

Belongs to the protein kinase superfamily. CMGC Ser/Thr protein kinase family. GSK-3 subfamily.

Contains 1 protein kinase domain.

Alternative Nomenclature

Glycogen Synthase Kinase 3 Beta antibody

GSK 3 beta antibody

Serine/threonine-protein kinase GSK3B antibody

General Information

Product

Pan PDE5A Antibody

Description

cGMP-specific 3',5'-cyclic phosphodiesterase isoform 1 Antibody

Verified Applications

CM, ELISA, ICC, IF, IHC, IP, WB

Host

Rabbit

Species Cross Reactivity

Chicken, Human

Immunogen

Recombinant protein common to all PDE5A variants corresponding to human PDE5A protein.

Accession #

NCBI:  NP_001074

Physical Properties

Quantity

100 µg

Volume

200 µl

Concentration

0.55 µg/µl in antibody stabilization buffer

Immunoglobulin

IgG

Clonality

Polyclonal

Storage

-20⁰C for long term storage

Application Protocol

Confocal Microscopy

1:250

DB

1:10,000

ELISA

1:10,000

Immunocytochemistry

1:250

Immunofluorescence

1:250

Immunohistochemistry

1:250

Immunoprecipitation

1:250

Western Blot

1:500-1:1,000

Protein

Uniprot #

O76074

Overview

Plays a role in signal transduction by regulating the intracellular concentration of cyclic nucleotides. This phosphodiesterase catalyzes the specific hydrolysis of cGMP to 5'-GMP.

Molecular Function

Hydrolase, 3',5'-cyclic-GMP phosphodiesterase activity, cGMP binding

Subcellular Location

cytosol

Expression

Expressed in aortic smooth muscle cells, heart, placenta, skeletal muscle and pancreas and, to a much lesser extent, in brain, liver and lung.

Alternative Nomenclature

5''-cyclic phosphodiesterase antibody

CGB PDE antibody

cGMP binding cGMP specific 3' 5' cyclic nucleotide phosphodiesterase antibody

cGMP binding/cGMP specific phosphodiesterase antibody

cGMP specific phosphodiesterase PDE5A antibody

cGMP specific phosphodiesterase type 5A antibody

cGMP-specific 3'' antibody

CN5A antibody

CN5N antibody

PDE 5 antibody

PDE 5A antibody

PDE5A antibody

Phosphodiesterase 5A antibody

Phosphodiesterase 5A cGMP specific antibody

Phosphodiesterase isozyme 5 antibody

General Information

Product

Insulin Receptor Antibody

Description

Affinity Purified Insulin receptor alpha and beta Antibody C-epitope

Verified Applications

ELISA, IP, WB

Host

Rabbit

Species Cross Reactivity

Human, Mouse, Rat

Immunogen

Synthetic peptide taken within amino acid region 900-950 on human Insulin receptor, transcript variant 2 protein. Cross reactive with both Insulin receptor alpha and insulin receptor beta variants.

Accession #

NCBI:  NM_001079817.1

Physical Properties

Quantity

100 µg

Volume

200 µl

Concentration

0.55-0.75 µg/µl in antibody stabilization buffer

Immunoglobulin

IgG

Form

Affinity Purified

Purification Method

Immobilized antigen affinity chromatography

Clonality

Polyclonal

Determinant

C-epitope

Storage

-20⁰C for long term storage

Application Protocol

ELISA

1:10,000

Immunoprecipitation

1:200

Western Blot

1:500

Protein

Uniprot #

P06213

Overview

Receptor tyrosine kinase which mediates the pleiotropic actions of insulin. Binding of insulin leads to phosphorylation of several intracellular substrates, including, insulin receptor substrates (IRS1, 2, 3, 4), SHC, GAB1, CBL and other signaling intermediates. Each of these phosphorylated proteins serve as docking proteins for other signaling proteins that contain Src-homology-2 domains (SH2 domain) that specifically recognize different phosphotyrosines residues, including the p85 regulatory subunit of PI3K and SHP2.

Molecular Function

Kinase, Receptor, Transferase, Tyrosine-protein kinase

Subcellular Location

Cell membrane; Single-pass type I membrane protein

Expression

Isoform Long and isoform Short are predominantly expressed in tissue targets of insulin metabolic effects: liver, adipose tissue and skeletal muscle but are also expressed in the peripheral nerve, kidney, pulmonary alveoli, pancreatic acini, placenta vascular endothelium, fibroblasts, monocytes, granulocytes, erythrocytes and skin. Isoform Short is preferentially expressed in fetal cells such as fetal fibroblasts, muscle, liver and kidney. Found as a hybrid receptor with IGF1R in muscle, heart, kidney, adipose tissue, skeletal muscle, hepatoma, fibroblasts, spleen and placenta (at protein level). Overexpressed in several tumors, including breast, colon, lung, ovary, and thyroid carcinomas.

Structure

Tetramer of 2 alpha and 2 beta chains linked by disulfide bonds.

Alternative Nomenclature

CD220 antibody

HHF5 antibody

HIR A antibody

INSR alpha antibody

Insulin receptor antibody

Insulin receptor subunit alpha antibody

IR antibody

HHF5 antibody

human insulin receptor antibody

Insulin receptor subunit beta antibody

IR 1 antibody

General Information

Product

Insulin Receptor Antibody

Description

Affinity Purified Insulin receptor alpha and beta Antibody Extreme C-epitope

Verified Applications

ELISA, IHC, IP, WB

Host

Rabbit

Species Cross Reactivity

Human, Monkey, Mouse, Rat

Immunogen

Synthetic peptide taken within amino acid region 950-1000 on human Insulin receptor, transcript variant 2 protein.

Accession #

NCBI:  NM_001079817.1

Physical Properties

Quantity

100 µg

Volume

200 µl

Concentration

0.55-0.75 µg/µl in antibody stabilization buffer

Immunoglobulin

IgG

Form

Affinity Purified

Purification Method

Immobilized antigen affinity chromatography

Clonality

Polyclonal

Determinant

Extreme C-epitope

Storage

-20⁰C for long term storage

Application Protocol

ELISA

1:10,000

Immunocytochemistry

1:100

Immunohistochemistry

1:100

Immunoprecipitation

1:200

Western Blot

1:500

Protein

Uniprot #

P06213

Overview

Receptor tyrosine kinase which mediates the pleiotropic actions of insulin. Binding of insulin leads to phosphorylation of several intracellular substrates, including, insulin receptor substrates (IRS1, 2, 3, 4), SHC, GAB1, CBL and other signaling intermediates. Each of these phosphorylated proteins serve as docking proteins for other signaling proteins that contain Src-homology-2 domains (SH2 domain) that specifically recognize different phosphotyrosines residues, including the p85 regulatory subunit of PI3K and SHP2.

Molecular Function

Kinase, Receptor, Transferase, Tyrosine-protein kinase

Subcellular Location

Cell membrane; Single-pass type I membrane protein

Expression

Isoform Long and isoform Short are predominantly expressed in tissue targets of insulin metabolic effects: liver, adipose tissue and skeletal muscle but are also expressed in the peripheral nerve, kidney, pulmonary alveoli, pancreatic acini, placenta vascular endothelium, fibroblasts, monocytes, granulocytes, erythrocytes and skin. Isoform Short is preferentially expressed in fetal cells such as fetal fibroblasts, muscle, liver and kidney. Found as a hybrid receptor with IGF1R in muscle, heart, kidney, adipose tissue, skeletal muscle, hepatoma, fibroblasts, spleen and placenta (at protein level). Overexpressed in several tumors, including breast, colon, lung, ovary, and thyroid carcinomas.

Structure

Tetramer of 2 alpha and 2 beta chains linked by disulfide bonds.

Alternative Nomenclature

CD220 antibody

HHF5 antibody

HIR A antibody

INSR alpha antibody

Insulin receptor antibody

Insulin receptor subunit alpha antibody

IR antibody

HHF5 antibody

human insulin receptor antibody

Insulin receptor subunit beta antibody

IR 1 antibody

General Information

Product

Insulin Receptor beta Antibody

Verified Applications

ELISA, IP, WB

Host

Rabbit

Species Cross Reactivity

Human, Mouse, Rat

Immunogen

Synthetic peptide taken within amino acid region 725-775 on human Insulin receptor beta subunit protein.

Physical Properties

Quantity

100 µg

Volume

200 µl

Concentration

0.55-0.75 µg/µl in antibody stabilization buffer

Immunoglobulin

IgG

Form

Affinity Purified

Clonality

Polyclonal

Storage

-20⁰C for long term storage

Application Protocol

ELISA

1:10,000

Immunoprecipitation

1:200

Western Blot

1:500

Protein

Uniprot #

P06213

Overview

Receptor tyrosine kinase which mediates the pleiotropic actions of insulin. Binding of insulin leads to phosphorylation of several intracellular substrates, including, insulin receptor substrates (IRS1, 2, 3, 4), SHC, GAB1, CBL and other signaling intermediates. Each of these phosphorylated proteins serve as docking proteins for other signaling proteins that contain Src-homology-2 domains (SH2 domain) that specifically recognize different phosphotyrosines residues, including the p85 regulatory subunit of PI3K and SHP2. Phosphorylation of IRSs proteins lead to the activation of two main signaling pathways: the PI3K-AKT/PKB pathway, which is responsible for most of the metabolic actions of insulin, and the Ras-MAPK pathway, which regulates expression of some genes and cooperates with the PI3K pathway to control cell growth and differentiation. Binding of the SH2 domains of PI3K to phosphotyrosines on IRS1 leads to the activation of PI3K and the generation of phosphatidylinositol-(3, 4, 5)-triphosphate (PIP3), a lipid second messenger, which activates several PIP3-dependent serine/threonine kinases, such as PDPK1 and subsequently AKT/PKB. The net effect of this pathway is to produce a translocation of the glucose transporter SLC2A4/GLUT4 from cytoplasmic vesicles to the cell membrane to facilitate glucose transport. Moreover, upon insulin stimulation, activated AKT/PKB is responsible for: anti-apoptotic effect of insulin by inducing phosphorylation of BAD; regulates the expression of gluconeogenic and lipogenic enzymes by controlling the activity of the winged helix or forkhead (FOX) class of transcription factors. Another pathway regulated by PI3K-AKT/PKB activation is mTORC1 signaling pathway which regulates cell growth and metabolism and integrates signals from insulin. AKT mediates insulin-stimulated protein synthesis by phosphorylating TSC2 thereby activating mTORC1 pathway. The Ras/RAF/MAP2K/MAPK pathway is mainly involved in mediating cell growth, survival and cellular differentiation of insulin. Phosphorylated IRS1 recruits GRB2/SOS complex, which triggers the activation of the Ras/RAF/MAP2K/MAPK pathway. In addition to binding insulin, the insulin receptor can bind insulin-like growth factors (IGFI and IGFII). Isoform Short has a higher affinity for IGFII binding. When present in a hybrid receptor with IGF1R, binds IGF1. PubMed:12138094 shows that hybrid receptors composed of IGF1R and INSR isoform Long are activated with a high affinity by IGF1, with low affinity by IGF2 and not significantly activated by insulin, and that hybrid receptors composed of IGF1R and INSR isoform Short are activated by IGF1, IGF2 and insulin. In contrast, PubMed:16831875 shows that hybrid receptors composed of IGF1R and INSR isoform Long and hybrid receptors composed of IGF1R and INSR isoform Short have similar binding characteristics, both bind IGF1 and have a low affinity for insulin.

Molecular Function

Kinase, Receptor, Transferase, Tyrosine-protein kinase

Subcellular Location

Cell membrane; Single-pass type I membrane protein

Expression

Isoform Long and isoform Short are predominantly expressed in tissue targets of insulin metabolic effects: liver, adipose tissue and skeletal muscle but are also expressed in the peripheral nerve, kidney, pulmonary alveoli, pancreatic acini, placenta vascular endothelium, fibroblasts, monocytes, granulocytes, erythrocytes and skin. Isoform Short is preferentially expressed in fetal cells such as fetal fibroblasts, muscle, liver and kidney. Found as a hybrid receptor with IGF1R in muscle, heart, kidney, adipose tissue, skeletal muscle, hepatoma, fibroblasts, spleen and placenta (at protein level). Overexpressed in several tumors, including breast, colon, lung, ovary, and thyroid carcinomas.

Structure

Tetramer of 2 alpha and 2 beta chains linked by disulfide bonds. The alpha chains carry the insulin-binding regions, while the beta chains carry the kinase domain. Forms a hybrid receptor with IGF1R, the hybrid is a tetramer consisting of 1 alpha chain and 1 beta chain of INSR and 1 alpha chain and 1 beta chain of IGF1R. Interacts with SORBS1 but dissociates from it following insulin stimulation. Binds SH2B2. Activated form of INSR interacts (via Tyr-999) with the PTB/PID domains of IRS1 and SHC1. The sequences surrounding the phosphorylated NPXY motif contribute differentially to either IRS1 or SHC1 recognition. Interacts (via tyrosines in the C-terminus) with IRS2 (via PTB domain and 591-786 AA); the 591-786 would be the primary anchor of IRS2 to INSR while the PTB domain would have a stabilizing action on the interaction with INSR. Interacts with the SH2 domains of the 85 kDa regulatory subunit of PI3K (PIK3R1) in vitro, when autophosphorylated on tyrosine residues. Interacts with SOCS7. Interacts (via the phosphorylated Tyr-999), with SOCS3. Interacts (via the phosphorylated Tyr-1185, Tyr-1189, Tyr-1190) with SOCS1. Interacts with CAV2 (tyrosine-phosphorylated form); the interaction is increased with 'Tyr-27'phosphorylation of CAV2 (By similarity). Interacts with ARRB2 (By similarity). Interacts with GRB10; this interaction blocks the association between IRS1/IRS2 and INSR, significantly reduces insulin-stimulated tyrosine phosphorylation of IRS1 and IRS2 and thus decreases insulin signaling. Interacts with GRB7. Interacts with PDPK1. Interacts (via Tyr-1190) with GRB14 (via BPS domain); this interaction protects the tyrosines in the activation loop from dephosphorylation, but promotes dephosphorylation of Tyr-999, this results in decreased interaction with, and phosphorylation of, IRS1. Interacts (via subunit alpha) with ENPP1 (via 485-599 AA); this interaction blocks autophosphorylation. Interacts with PTPRE; this interaction is dependent of Tyr-1185, Tyr-1189 and Tyr-1190 of the INSR. Interacts with STAT5B (via SH2 domain). Interacts with PTPRF. Interacts with ATIC; ATIC together with PRKAA2/AMPK2 and HACD3/PTPLAD1 is proposed to be part of a signaling netwok regulating INSR autophosphorylation and endocytosis (By similarity).

Alternative Nomenclature

CD 220 antibody

CD220 antigen antibody

HHF5 antibody

HIR B antibody

INSR antibody

Insulin receptor antibody

Insulin receptor subunit beta antibody

IR antibody

General Information

Product

FPR1 Antibody

Description

Affinity Purified N-formyl peptide receptor Antibody

Verified Applications

ELISA, IHC, IP, WB

Host

Rabbit

Species Cross Reactivity

Human, Monkey, Mouse, Rat

Immunogen

Synthetic peptide taken within amino acid region 150-200 on N-formyl peptide receptor.

Accession #

GenBank: AAA16863.1

Physical Properties

Quantity

100 µg

Volume

200 µl

Concentration

0.5 µg/µl in antibody stabilization buffer

Immunoglobulin

IgG

Form

Affinity Purified

Storage

-20⁰C for long term storage

Application Protocol

ELISA

1:10,000

Immunoprecipitation

1:200

Western Blot

1:500

Protein

Uniprot #

P21462

Overview

High affinity receptor for N-formyl-methionyl peptides (fMLP), which are powerful neutrophil chemotactic factors (PubMed:2161213, PubMed:2176894, PubMed:10514456, PubMed:15153520). Binding of fMLP to the receptor stimulates intracellular calcium mobilization and superoxide anion release (PubMed:2161213, PubMed:1712023, PubMed:15153520). This response is mediated via a G-protein that activates a phosphatidylinositol-calcium second messenger system (PubMed:1712023, PubMed:10514456).

Molecular Function

N-formyl peptide receptor activity; Receptor activity

Subcellular Location

Cell membrane; Multi-pass membrane

Structure

Belongs to the G-protein coupled receptor 1 family.

Alternative Nomenclature

fMet Leu Phe receptor antibody

FMLP antibody

FMLPR antibody

Formyl peptide receptor 1 antibody

FPR 1 antibody

FPR receptor antibody

N formyl peptide chemoattractant receptor antibody

N formyl peptide receptor antibody

General Information

Product

Indoleamine 2, 3-dioxygenase 2 Antibody

Description

Affinity Purified Indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase 1 Antibody

Verified Applications

ELISA, IHC, IP, WB

Host

Rabbit

Species Cross Reactivity

Human, Monkey

Immunogen

Synthetic peptide taken within amino acid region 370-420 on human Indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase 2 protein.

Physical Properties

Quantity

100 µg

Volume

200 µl

Concentration

0.5-1.5 µg/µl in antibody stabilization buffer

Immunoglobulin

IgG

Form

Affinity Purified

Purification Method

Immobilized antigen affinity chromatography

Clonality

Polyclonal

Storage

-20⁰C for long term storage

Application Protocol

ELISA

1:50,000

Immunoprecipitation

1:200

Western Blot

1:2,500-1:5,000

Protein

Uniprot #

Q6ZQW0

Overview

Catalyzes the first and rate limiting step of the catabolism of the essential amino acid tryptophan along the kynurenine pathway (PubMed:17671174). Involved in immune regulation. May not play a significant role in tryptophan-related tumoral resistance.

Molecular Function

heme binding

indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase activity

metal ion binding

tryptophan 2,3-dioxygenase activity

Subcellular Location

cytosol

Expression

Detected in liver, small intestine, spleen, placenta, thymus, lung, brain, kidney, and colon (PubMed:17671174). Also expressed at low level in testis and thyroid. Not expressed in the majority of human tumor samples (>99%).

Structure

Belongs to the indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase family.

Alternative Nomenclature

3-dioxygenase antibody

I23O1_HUMAN antibody

IDO 2 antibody

IDO antibody

IDO-2 antibody

IDO2 antibody

INDO antibody

indolamine 2,3 dioxygenase antibody

Indole 2 3 dioxygenase antibody

indoleamine 2 3 dioxygenase 1 antibody

indoleamine 2 3 dioxygenase antibody

Indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase 1 antibody

Indoleamine pyrrole 2 3 dioxygenase antibody

Indoleamine-pyrrole 2 antibody